Evaluation of Cardiovascular Morbidity in Nigerian Women after 3 Years of Norplant® Contraception

AS Sagay, BN Okeahialam, GE Imade, AO Aisien

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine any cardiovascular morbidity with Norplant® use by electrocardiography. Thirty Nigerian women seeking long-term reversible contraception were recruited. The clients had baseline blood pressure checks and electrocardiography (ECG) tracings.  These were repeated at the 12, 24 and 36 months follow-up visits and the results were analysed. The mean age of subjects was 32.4± 3.98 years. The mean weight at pre-insertion and at the 12, 24 and 36 months follow-up visits showed a statistically significant rise after 2 years (p<0.01). The blood pressures did not show any significant changes throughout the period of study.  There was statistically significant prolongation of the PR and QRS intervals at the 12 month visit; mean PR interval (seconds) pre-insertion 0.153± 0.003, and at 12 months 0.173±0.006 (P=0.019), mean QRS interval (seconds) pre-insertion 0.056±0.003 and at 12 months 0.074±0.002 (P=0.005). After 3 years of Norplant use, prolongation of the mean QRS interval remained evident (p=0.011) while mean PR interval had returned to pre-insertion levels. There is a tendency to prolongation of PR and QRS (ECG) intervals in Norplant users; accordingly, it may be prudent for clients with cardiac conditions showing longer ECG intervals, to consider alternative methods of contraception. (Afr Reprod Health 2008; 12[1]:47-53).

RÉSUMÉ

Evaluation de la morbidité cardiovasculaire chez les femmes nigérianes après trois ans de la contraception Norplant Cette étude a été menée pour déterminer toute morbidité cardiovasculaire suite à l’utilisation de Norplant par l’électrocardiographie. Trente femmes nigérianes qui recherchent une contraception réversible à long terme ont été recuitées. Les clientes ont eu des contrôles de pression sanguine de départ et les tracées de la cardiographie (ECG).  Ceuxci ont été répétés au cours des visites de surveillance de 12, 24 et 36 mois et les résultats ont été analysés.  L’âge moyen des participantes était de 32.4 ± 3.98 ans  le poids moyen au moment de la pré-insertion et pendant les visites de surveillance de 12, 24 et 36 mois a indiqué une augmentation importante statistiquement après deux ans (p < 0,01). Les tensions artérielles n’ont pas changé de manière significative pendant la période de l’étude. Statistiquement, il y avait une prolongation importante des intervalles PR et QRS au cours de la visite de 12 mois.  L’intervalle PR moyen (secondes) de la pré-insertion 0,153 ± 0,003 et à 12 mois 0,074 ± 0,002 (P = 0,005). Après 3 ans de l’utilisation de Norplant, la prolongation de l’intervalle QRS moyen est restée évidente (P = 0, 011) alors que l’intervalle PR moyen était revenu aux niveaux de la préinsertion. Il y a une tendance vers la prolongation des intervalles PR et QRS (ECG) chez les personnes qui utilisent Norplant ; ainsi, il sera peut-être prudent de la part des clientes qui ont les maladies de cœur indiquant les intervalles ECG plus prolongés, de  considérer d’autre méthodes de contraception. (Rev Afr Santé Reprod 2008; 12[1]:47-53).

 

KEY WORDS:  Norplant contraception, ECG, Cardiovascular morbidity, Nigeria

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