Serologic Survey of Specific Rubella Virus IgM in the Sera of Pregnant Women in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
), Amauche Ginikanwa(2), Ajoge Hannah(3), Gabadi Sarah(4), Agwale Simon(5), Forbi Joseph(6),
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Corresponding Author
Abstract
Although a major section of pregnant women in Nigeria are immune to rubella infection, cases of congenital rubella syndrome are still been seen in hospitals. Rubella is not a reportable disease in Nigeria and data of its epidemiology are extremely rare. In this study, we estimate the burden of acute rubella virus infection among pregnant women during their first trimester in Makurdi-Benue State- Nigeria. Anti-rubella IgM were detected using a commercially available quantitative enzyme immunoassay. Of the 534 (mean age=28.1±1.7years) sera sample tested, 21 (3.9%;95%CI=±1.64%) were positive for Rubella IgM antibodies. We also extrapolated by mathematical modeling that 4.2% represents the actual/real susceptible population in Nigeria. There was no significant correlations between rubella infection and age (p>0.05). Although the incidence of rubella is low we suggest the antenatal screening and vaccination of all females of child bearing age to eliminate this potentially devastating virus in the county (Afr J Reprod Health 2009; 13[2]:69-73).
RĖSUMĖ
Enquête sérologique du virus Rubella 1gm spécifique dans les sérums des femmes enceintes à Makurdi, Etat de Benue, Nigeria. Bien que la majorité des femmes enceintes au Nigéria soient immunisées contre l’infection rubella, on voit beaucoup de cas du syndrome de rubella dans les hôpitaux. Rubella n’est pas une maladie à déclaration obligatoire au Nigéria et les données sur son épidémiologie sont extrêmement rares. Dans cette étude, nous estimons le fardeau de l’infection du virus rubella aiguë chez les femmes enceintes au cours de leur premier semestre à Makurdi, Etat de Benue, Nigéria. On a détecté l’antirubella 1gm à l’aide d’un immunodosage de l’enzyme quantitative qui est disponible de manière commerciale. Sur les 534 (age moyen = 28, 1±1,7ans) dont les échantillons des sérums ont été testés, 21(3,9% ; 95% CI = ±1,64%) ont été positifs pour les anticorps de rubella 1gm. Nous avons également extrapolé, à travers des modèles mathématiques, que 4,2% représente la vraie population susceptible au Nigéria. Il n’y avait pas de corrélation importante entre l’infection de rubella et l’âge (p>0,05). Bien que l’incidence de rubella soit basse, nous préconisons le dépistage prénatal et la vaccination de toutes les femmes en âge d’avoir des enfants afin d’éliminer ce virus qui peut avoir des conséquences devastateuses dans le pays (Afr J Reprod Health 2009; 13[2]:6973).
KEYWORDS: Rubella; Anti-IgM, Pregnant women; Nigeria
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African Journal of Reproductive Health Vol 13 No 2 June 2009
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