Sexual behaviors and factors associated with consistent condom use among young male artisanal miners in Kassanda District, Uganda

Natwijuka Patience, Stephen O. Wandera, Lydia Kapiriri, Hanna Chidwick, Betty Kwagala

Abstract

Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) is a significant source of income for tens of millions of people worldwide. Consistent condom use is pivotal in the prevention of HIV/AIDS and other STIs. This study assessed sexual behaviors and factors associated with consistent condom use among young male artisanal miners in Kassanda District, Uganda. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 304 miners aged 15-24 years. Data -analysis included frequency distributions, chi-squared tests, and binary logistic regression. 89% had sexual intercourse in the past year, 55% had multiple partners, 11% engaged in transactional sex, and only 42% used condoms consistently. Married/cohabiting young men (OR=0.41; CI=0.19-0.87), those with a neutral attitude towards condom use (OR=0.30; CI=0.11-0.85), and those with only their mothers as parents (OR=0.37; CI=0.19-0.73) were less likely to use condoms consistently. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions promoting condom use among married young men and those raised by single mothers to reduce the risk of STI transmission.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Schwartz FW, Lee S and Darrah TH. A Review of the

Scope of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining

Worldwide, Poverty, and the Associated Health

Impacts. GeoHealth. 2021;5(1).

doi:10.1029/2020GH000325

The World Bank. 2023 State of the Artisanal and Small

Scale Mining Sector. 2023 State Artis Small-Scale

Min Sect. Published online 2024. doi:10.1596/41069

Buss D, Rutherford B, Sebina-Zziwa A, Kibombo R and

Fredrick Kisekka. Gender and artisanal and small

scale mining in central and east Africa : Barriers and

benefits. Published online 2017:59.

http://grow.research.mcgill.ca/pubs/gwp-02

pdf

USAID. Gender Issues in the Artisanal and Small-Scale

Mining Sector. 2019;(May 2020):1-19.

https://www.land-links.org/wp

content/uploads/2020/05/USAID-ASM-and

Gender-Brief-1-June-20-Final.pdf

Hilson G. Artisanal and small-scale mining and

agriculture Exploring their links in rural sub

Saharan Africa. Int Inst Environ Dev. 2016;(March).

NEMA. The National Action Plan for Artisanal and

Small Scale Gold Mining in Uganda , in accordance

with the Minamata Convention on Mercury The

National Action Plan for Artisanal and Small Scale

Gold Mining in Uganda , in accordance with the

Minamata Convention. 2019;(November).

Serwajja E and Mukwaya PI. Environmental, health and

safety intricacies of artisanal mining in the gold-rich

landscapes of Karamoja, north-eastern Uganda. J

Sustain Min. 2021;20(2):90-108.

doi:10.46873/2300-3960.1055

Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals M and

SD (IGF). GLOBAL TRENDS IN ARTISANAL

AND SMALL-SCALE MINING (ASM): A

REVIEW OF KEY NUMBERS AND ISSUES

Secretariat hosted by Secretariat funded by.

Published online 2018.

http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G04266.pdf

Nigussie T, Mamo Y, Qanche Q, Yosef T, Wondimu W

and Asefa A. HIV Preventive Behaviors and

Associated Factors among Gold Mining Workers in

Dima District, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019:

Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Biomed

Res Int. 2021;2021:1-9. doi:10.1155/2021/4797590

Ezekiel MJ, Metta JN and Mosha IH. Sexual

Relationship, Power and Safe Sex Practices among

Female Bar Workers in Kinondoni Municipality,

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Eur J Med Heal Sci.

;4(1 SE-Articles):21-26. https://www.ej

med.org/index.php/ejmed/article/view/1153

UNAIDS. AIDS and global health. AIDS Glob Heal

UNAIDS. 2009;09:17-1731.

Awoleye AF, Solanke BL, Kupoluyi JA and Adetutu

OM. Exploring the perception and socio-cultural

barriers to safer sex negotiation among married

women in Northwest Nigeria. BMC Womens Health.

;22(1):1-10. doi:10.1186/s12905-022-01989-3

UNAIDS. 2020 Uganda HIV -AIDS fact sheet, 6th Sept

2020;2021(December 2020).

Dietler D, Farnham A, Lyatuu I, Fink G and Winkler

MS. Industrial mining and HIV risk: Evidence from

mine openings across 16 countries in sub

Saharan Africa. Aids. 2022;36(11):1573-1581.

doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000003294

Murewanhema G, Musuka G, Gwinji PT, Dzobo M and

Dzinamarira T. Sexually transmitted infections

among artisanal miners in Zimbabwe: An urgent

need for enhanced preventive measures. Public Heal

Pract. 2022;4(June):100284.

doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100284

Coates DR, Chin JM and Chung STL. HIV-1 and STIs

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Miners in Mining

Districts of Yunnan, China. Bone. 2011;23(1):1-7.

doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181c7d8d2.HIV-1

MOH. UGANDA POPULATION-BASED HIV

IMPACT ASSESSMENT UPHIA 2020-2021. Anal

Biochem. 2018;11(1):1-5.

Coderre-Proulx M and Campbell B. International

Migrant Workers in the Mining Sector.; 2016.

Musuka G, Mutenherwa F, Mukandavire Z, Chingombe

I and Mapingure M. Association between alcohol

use and HIV status: Findings from Zambia and

Zimbabwe. BMC Res Notes. 2018;11(1):10-12.

doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3646-5

Rustad SA, Ostby G and Nordas R. Does Artisanal

Mining Increase the Risk of Sexual Violence? Qual

Prim Care. 2016;24(2):77-80.

http://primarycare.imedpub.com/does-artisanal

mining-increase-the-risk-of-sexualviolence.pdf

GIZ. Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in the Mining

Sector in Africa. “programme Extractives and

Development.” Published online 2020.

Baltazar CS, Horth R, Inguane C, Sethane I, Cesar F,

Ricardo H, Botao C, Augusto A, Cooley L,

Cummings B, Henry FR and Peter WY. HIV

Prevalence and Risk Behaviors Among

Mozambicans Working in South African Mines.

AIDS Behav. 2015;19(1):59-67.

doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0941-6

Suryam Dora D. Factors associated with alcohol

consumption and drug use among underground mine

employees in the Free State, South Africa.

;0002(August):6-18.

Mutricy-Hureau L, Lovice PA, da Silva M and

Yannuise p. Sexual and addictive risk behaviors and

sexually transmitted infections in illegal gold miners

in French Guiana: A multicenter observational

study. PLoS One. 2022;17(9 September):1-17.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0272932

Baltazar CS, Horth R, Inguane C, Sethane I, Cesar F,

Ricardo H, Botao C, Augusto A, Cooley L,

Cummings B, Henry FR and Peter WY. HIV

Prevalence and Risk Behaviors Among

Mozambicans Working in South African Mines.

AIDS Behav. 2015;19(1):59-67.

doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0941-6

Weldegiorgis, F., Lawson, L and Verbrugge H. Women

in Artisanal and Mining : Challenges and

opportunities for greater participation.

;(January 2018).

UBOS. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016.

Udhs. Published online 2016:625.

www.DHSprogram.com

Magak E. Communities in Africa twice as likely to have

HIV when mines open nearby. 2022;(October).

Formson C and Hilhorst D. Researching livelihoods and

services affected by conflict The many faces of

transactional sex : Women ’ s agency , livelihoods

and risk factors in humanitarian contexts : A

Literature

Review.

http://www.securelivelihoods.org/publications_deta

ils.aspx?resourceid=393

Engedashet E, Worku A and Tesfaye G. Unprotected

sexual practice and associated factors among People

Living with HIV at Ante Retroviral Therapy clinics

in Debrezeit Town, Ethiopia: A cross sectional

study.

Reprod

Health.

doi:10.1186/1742-4755-11-56

Nakazibwe HG, Muturi-Kioi V, Abaasa A, Kibengo F,

Hughes P and Price M. Factors associated with

consistent condom use in Ugandan fishing

communities’ cohort. PAMJ - One Heal. 2022;7.

doi:10.11604/pamj-oh.2022.7.29.32361

Abdissa HG, Lemu YK and Nigussie DT. HIV

preventive behavior and associated factors among

mining workers in Sali traditional gold mining site

bench maji zone, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross

sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):2

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1003

Wilches-Gutierrez J and Documet P. What is known

about sexual and reproductive health in Latin

American and Caribbean mining contexts? A

systematic scoping review. Public Health Rev.

;39:1-13. doi:10.1186/s40985-017-0078-z

Tynan RJ, Considine R, Wiggers J, Aaron T and Md

Mijanur R. Alcohol consumption in the Australian

coal mining industry. Occup Environ Med.

;74(4):259-267.

Sahoo PK and Rout HS. Impact of Alcohol

Consumption on Health , Family and Work Site of

Mining Workers : A Case Study of Iron Mines in an

Eastern Indian State Impact of Alcohol

Consumption on Health , Family and Work Site of

Mining Workers : A Case Study of Iron Mines in an

Ea. 2022;(January).

Cele LP, Vuyani S and Huma M. Determining the level

of condom use and associated factors among

married people in tshwane district of south africa.

Pan

Afr

Med

doi:10.11604/pamj.2021.40.11.26681

Kilale AM, Kimaro GD, Lema YL, Andrew M, Yakobo

L, Vitus A and Rahel N. Availability of HIV/AIDS

community intervention programmes and quality of

services in and around selected mining sites in

Tanzania. Tanzan J Health Res. 2015;17(2):1-8.

doi:10.4314/thrb.v17i2.1

;7(February).

Chandran TM, Berkvens D, Chikobvu P, Dirk B, Robert

C and Christiana N. Predictors of condom use and

refusal among the population of Free State province

in South Africa. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):1.

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-381

Maharaj P, Neema S, Cleland J, Busza J and Shah I.

Condom use within marriage: An assessment of

changes in South Africa and Uganda. AIDS Care -

Psychol

Socio-Medical

;24(4):444-450.

Asp

doi:10.1080/09540121.2011.613913

;11(1):1-9.

AIDS/HIV.

Arkell C and Harrigan M. Condoms for the prevention

of HIV transmission FACT by mail. CATIE fact

sheet. Published online 2018.

doi:10.1136/oemed-2016

J.

;40.

National Center for HIV C, Hepatitis V, Prevention T.

Now’s the Time to Find Out About PrEP and PEP.

Bidaisee S. Sexual and reproductive health education.

Caribb Adolesc Some Public Heal Concerns.

Published online 2015:95-106.

Kisaakye P, Ndugga P, Kwagala E, Kayitale MM,

Ngabirano F and Ojiambo WS. Parent–child

communication on sexual and reproductive health in

border districts of Eastern Uganda. Sex Educ.

;00(00):1-13.

doi:10.1080/14681811.2022.2135500

Fernandes D, Kemigisha E, Achen D, Dorcus A and

Nyakatao VN. Process evaluation of a parent-child

communication intervention for adolescent sexual

and reproductive health in Uganda. BMC Public

Health. 2024;24(1):319. doi:10.1186/s12889-023

-7

King BM. The Influence of Social Desirability on

Sexual Behavior Surveys: A Review. Arch Sex

Behav. 2022;51(3):1495-1501. doi:10.1007/s10508

-02197-0

Ajayi AI, Ismail KO and Akpan W. Factors associated

with consistent condom use: A cross-sectional

survey of two Nigerian universities. BMC Public

Health. 2019;19(1):1-11. doi:10.1186/s12889-019

-1

Ray S, Bhaskar V, Bhandari S and Kodange C. Impact

of a behaviour change intervention model for

promotion of condoms amongst young adult males

in an occupational setting. Med J Armed Forces

India.

;68(4):316-321.

doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2012.06.005

Abu-Ba’are GR, Shamrock OW, Apreku A, Nelson

EL and Ezechi CO. Awareness and Willingness to use

Condoms and Preexposure Prophylaxis among Gay,

Bisexual, and Other Cisgendered Men who Have sex

with men in Slum Communities in Ghana. BSGH

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2023;22:1-12.

doi:10.1177/23259582231209649.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.