Social Determinants of Reproductive Health in Morocco
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Abstract
Moroccan population has known a growing demographic trend. However, beyond the global tendency, reproductive health remains characterised by inequalities and disparities between urban and rural, rich and poor, developed and deprived regions.In this study, we relied mainly on data and statistics provided by the last five censuses, the four Demographic Health Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, reports of international bodies and publications dealing mainly with health and development in the Arab World.
During the last decades, fertility declined due to different parameters. Infant mortality decreased and should reach the corresponding Millennium Development Goal whereas maternal mortality has stayed nearly constant. The achievements accomplished in reproductive health remain insufficient. Family planning and contraception policies need to reach more women; and antenatal and postnatal care should be enhanced especially towards poor women living in rural areas and deprived regions.
RésuméLa population marocaine a connu une croissance démographique soutenue. Cependant, au-delà de la tendance globale, la santé reproductive demeure caractérisée par des inégalités et disparités entre urbain - rural, riche - pauvre, régions développées- régions sous développées. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes basés sur les données et statistiques fournies par les recensements, les Enquêtes de Santé et Démographie, les Enquêtes à Indicateurs Multiples, les rapports des organismes internationaux et les publications traitant essentiellement des thèmes de santé et développement. Durant les dernières décennies, la fertilité a baissé pour différentes raisons, la mortalité infantile a diminué et devrait atteindre les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement mais la mortalité maternelle est restée presque constante. Les efforts accomplis en matière de santé reproductive demeurent insuffisants. La politique de planification familiale et de contraception doit toucher plus de femmes, les soins prénatals et postnatals devraient augmenter pour atteindre le maximum de femmes et plus particulièrement celles vivant dans les zones rurales difficilement accessibles.
Key words: Reproductive health, social determinants, inequity, regional disparities
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