Determinants of fertility in Namibia
), Lillian Pazvakawambwa(2),
(1) Nairawebs Design
(2) 
Corresponding Author
Abstract
In-depth studies on fertility in Namibia have been lacking so far. This examines the fertility trends in Namibia over the past 2 decades and examines fertility differentials across the various sub-groups of Namibia population, and factors affecting such differentials using NDHS data. Estimates of the amount of variance in the total number of children ever born that could be explained by each of the independent variables were made using multiple regression analysis for the three data sources. Overall, results from descriptive analysis show that fertility levels in Namibia have been decreasing over the past two decades. The decrease could be associated with an increased trend in the prevalence of use of modern contraceptives which doubled since 1992. Age at first birth has remained constant but age at first marriage continues to increase. As a result, postponement of marriage increases the probability that women remain childless or that they have fewer children than desired. Replacement level is projected to be attained much faster than expected and the study recommend for further research that focuses on policy implications of family planning programmes once replacement level has been achieved to maintain it. (Afr J Reprod Health 2012; 16[4]: 50-57).
RésuméDes études approfondies sur la fécondité en Namibie ont fait défaut jusqu'à présent. En se servant des données recueillies de l’ENDS, cette étude examine les tendances de la fécondité en Namibie au cours des deux dernières décennies et examine les différences concernant la fécondité auprès des divers sous-groupes de la population namibienne ainsi que les facteurs qui affectent ces écarts. Les estimations de la proportion de la variance dans le nombre total d'enfants nés vivants qui pourraient s'expliquer par chacune des variables indépendantes ont été effectuées à l’aide d’une analyse de régression multiple pour les trois sources de données. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats de l'analyse descriptive montrent que les niveaux de fécondité en Namibie ont baissé au cours des deux dernières décennies. Cette baisse pourrait être liée à une tendance accrue à la prévalence de l'usage des contraceptifs modernes qui a doublé depuis 1992. L’âge au premier accouchement est resté constant, mais l'âge au premier mariage continue d'augmenter. En conséquence, le report du mariage augmente la possibilité que les femmes restent sans enfants ou qu'elles aient moins d'enfants que le nombre désiré. Le niveau de remplacement devrait être atteint beaucoup plus rapidement que prévu et l'étude recommande encore de des recherches qui seront concentrées sur les implications politiques des programmes de planification familiale une fois que le niveau de remplacement aura été réalisé pour le maintenir (Afr J Reprod Health 2012; 16[4]: 50-57).
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