Trends in contraceptive use among female adolescents in Ghana

Lutuf Abdul-Rahman(1), Gaetano Marrone(2), Annika Johansson(3),


(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
Corresponding Author

Abstract


Within the past one and half decades many efforts have been made to improve the availability and access to adolescent sexual and reproductive health services. Despite these efforts, adolescents still face a number of sexual and reproductive health problems. This paper uses data from the 2003 and 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys to examine changes in contraceptive use among sexually active female adolescents (15-19 years old). The results show that between 2003 and 2008 there was a significant increase in the current use of any contraceptive method (from 23.7% to 35.1%, p=0.03). It also indicates a shift from modern to traditional contraceptive methods. Traditional methods recorded about 60% (7.8 percentage points) increase as compared to 5.5% (2.6 percentage points) for modern methods. Also ever use of any traditional method recorded a higher increase as compared to any modern method. There was a slight decline 7% (4.4 parentage points) in the number of non-users who intended to use contraceptives in the future. On the whole the findings indicate increasing unmet need for modern contraception due to barriers such as limited access, cost and misconceptions about the effects of contraceptives.

Résumé

Depuis maintenant une décennie et demie, on a fait beaucoup d'effort pour améliorer la disponibilité et l'accès aux services de la santé sexuelle et de reproduction.  Malgré ces efforts, les adolescentes font toujours face à un nombre des problèmes de la santé sexuelle et de reproduction.  Cet article se sert des données tirées des Enquêtes Démographiques Ghanéennes de 2003 et 2008 pour examiner les modifications dans l'usage des contraceptifs chez les adolescentes sexuellement actives (âgées de 15-19).  Les résultats montrent qu'entre 2003 et 2008,  il y a eu une augmentation importante dans l'usage actuel de n'importe quelle méthode contraceptive (de 23,7% à 35,1%, p=0,03).  Ils indiquent également un changement des méthodes contraceptives modernes vers les méthodes traditionnelles.  Les méthodes traditionnelles ont enregistré une augmentation d'environ 60% (points de pourcentage de 7,8) par rapport au 5,5% (points de pourcentage de 2,6) pour les méthodes modernes.  En ce qui concerne celles qui ont déjà employé les méthodes modernes, il y a eu une augmentation plus élevée  par rapport à n'importe quelle méthode moderne.  Il y a eu un petit déclin de7% (points de pourcentage de 4,4) dans le nombre de non usagers qui voulaient employer les contraceptifs dans l'avenir.  Dans l'ensemble, les résultats ont montré une augmentation dans les besoins non satisfaits à l'égard de la contraception moderne dû aux obstacles tels l'accès limité, le coût et les idées fausses concernant les effets des contraceptifs.

 

Key words: Adolescents, young people, contraceptive use, sexually active, Ghana 


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